Figure 3.

Overlapping differences in the intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) of the hippocampus (HP) and amygdala (AY) between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (Con). Individual spatial ß-maps, which represent BOLD correlations of ongoing left and right HP and AY BOLD activity of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (Con), were analyzed using two ANOVA models with factors for group and hemisphere for AY as well as HP. Yellow and green maps of (A,B) were superimposed on a single-subject’s high resolution T1 image, and represent the main effect of group on the FC of the AY and HP, respectively (p < 0.05, FDR corrected; bars represent range of t-values). Bar graphs on the right side reflect averaged iFC of AY and HP for MDD patients and healthy controls, respectively (two-sample t-tests, p < 0.05). In (C), regions of overlapping reduced FC of AY (A) and HP (B) are shown in red. The HP and AY have reduced FC in the dorsomedial-prefrontal cortex and fronto-insular operculum in patients.