FIGURE 3.

OsSWN1 and OsSWN2L but not OsSWN2S can activate transcription. (A) Schematic of constructs used in the reporter-effector transient assay in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts. “SNBE” and “mSNBE” represent the binding sequence for NST transcription factors and a mutated version of the binding site, respectively. “LUC” represents firefly luciferase, which was used as the reporter in this experiment. VAMP722, which localizes to the vacuolar membrane (Uemura et al., 2004), was employed as the negative control. (B, C) Relative LUC activity of the reporter constructs shown in (A) when each effector was cotransfected into Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts. LUC activity when the negative control was cotransfected was set to 1 in (B–D). (D) Relative LUC activity of the reporter constructs indicated on the X axis when 35S:OsSWN1 or 35S:VAMP722 was cotransfected into Arabidopsis leaf protoplast. Error bars indicate SD. “*” and “**” indicate values significantly different from the negative control by Welch’s t-test with P < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.