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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011 Oct;1236:30–43. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06216.x

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cell type–specific epigenome mapping in human brain. Left: schematic presentation of the nucleosome as the elementary unit of chromatin, composed of a histone octamer (blue) around which 146 bp of DNA (black) is wrapped. Histones and the genomic DNA are subject to various types of covalent modifications. Right: flow chart starting with extraction of nuclei from postmortem brain tissue for subsequent immunotagging with neuron nuclei–specific marker (NeuN), fluorescence-activated separation and sorting of neuronal and nonneuronal nuclei, and preparation of chromatin with enzyme-based digestion (micrococcal nuclease, MNase) into mononucleosomes. This is followed by immunoprecipitation with site- and modification-specific antihistone antibody (for example, antitrimethyl-histone H3-lysine 4) and massively parallel sequencing. Sequence tags from the immunoprecipitates (ChIP-seq) are then uploaded into the genome browser in order to visualize histone metylation landscapes at selected loci, as shown here for the GAD1/GAD67 promoter.