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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011 Oct;1236:30–43. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06216.x

Table 2.

Translational neuroscience approaches to schizophrenia

Advantage Disadvantage
Olfactory neurons

  • Live immature neuron-like cells

  • Sufficiently homogeneous

  • In vitro functional study

  • Easy for preparation

  • May not completely represent brain

  • May not be able to chase several developmental phases
iPS cells—derived neurons

  • Live neurons

  • In vitro functional study

  • May be able to differentiate into many lineages, several developmental stages

  • Laborious, high cost

  • Heterogeneity

  • Reprogramming artifacts
iN cells (induced neuronal cells)

  • Live neurons

  • In vitro functional study

  • Potentially high-throughput

  • Differentiation into many lineages has not yet been fully established
Autopsied brains

  • Brain tissue

  • Many confounding factors

  • Functional assay not available

  • Less of a link to developmental process