Fig. 5.
Vaccine-induced immune responses. (A) IgG antibodies. Groups of mice (n=4) were vaccinated intramuscularly or by tail scratch with 105, 106, 107 and 108 pfu of MVA, rMVA 44/47.1 or rMVA 51.1 intramuscularly or by tail scarification. Four mice were inoculated by tail scratch (t.s.) with 2×105 pfu of ACAM2000. The intramuscular vaccination with 105 pfu was repeated with 10 mice for each virus strain and the data combined with that of the initial experiment. Animals were bled 3 weeks post vaccination. Serum ELISA IgG titers were determined using 96-well plates coated with purified MVA. Geometric mean titers (GMT) were determined. The error bars represent geometric standard deviations. In some cases the values were so close that the error bars were not resolved. (B) CD8+ T cells. Mice (n=5) were inoculated intramuscularly (i.m) with 106 pfu of MVA, rMVA 44/47.1 or rMVA 51.1 or by tail scratch (t.s.) with 2 ×105 pfu of ACAM2000. After seven days, splenocytes were processed as described in Materials and methods and the percentage of CD8+ splenocytes that were positive for IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-2+ was determined by flow cytometry.