Table 1. Baseline characteristics of children.
| Variable | UCSF (N=41) |
UNICAR (N=30) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic & anthropometric characteristics | |||
| Age (mo) – median (IQR) | 7.3 (3.2, 47.1) | 18 (10.2, 33) | 0.14 |
| Female sex – n (%) | 24 (59) | 15 (50) | 0.48 |
| TSFZ – median (IQR) | 0.79 (−0.1, 1.7) | 0.21 (−0.2, 0.7) | 0.03 |
| Prealbumin (mg/dl) – mean ± SD | 12.1 ± 3.0 | 13.9 ± 5.4 | 0.07 |
| Albumin (g/dl) – mean ± SD | 3.2 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 0.000 |
| RACHS | N (%) | N (%) | 0.045 * |
| Score: 1 | 4 (10) | 6 (20) | |
| Atrial septal defect surgery (including atrial septal defect secundum, sinus venosus atrial septal defect, patent foramen ovale closure) |
2 | 5 | |
| Coarctation repair at age >30 d | 2 | 1 | |
| Score: 2 | 20 (49) | 18 (60) | |
| Subaortic stenosis resection | 0 | 2 | |
| Atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect repair | 3 | 2 | |
| Atrial septal defect primum repair | 1 | 1 | |
| Ventricular septal defect repair | 6 | 9 | |
| Ventricular septal defect closure and pulmonary artery band removal |
1 | 0 | |
| Total repair of tetralogy of Fallot | 3 | 4 | |
| Glenn shunt | 6 | 0 | |
| Coarctation repair at age ≤30 d | 1 | 0 | |
| Score: 3 | 17 (41) | 6 (20) | |
| Mitral valve replacement | 0 | 1 | |
| Tricuspid valve repositioning for Ebstein anomaly at age >30 d | 0 | 1 | |
| Repair of anomalous coronary artery with intrapulmonary tunnel (Takeuchi) |
0 | 2 | |
| Right ventricular to pulmonary artery conduit | 3 | 0 | |
| Repair of double-outlet right ventricle with or without repair of right ventricular obstruction |
1 | 0 | |
| Fontan procedure | 7 | 0 | |
| Systemic to pulmonary artery shunt | 2 | 0 | |
| Atrial switch operation | 0 | 1 | |
| Arterial switch operation | 3 | 0 | |
| Repair of coarctation and ventricular septal defect closure | 0 | 1 | |
*
Analysis of variance among between groups (ANOVA).
IQR, Interquartile range; RACHS, Risk Adjustment for Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease Score; TSFZ, WHO triceps skinfold-for-age Z-score; UCSF, University of California San Francisco; UNICAR, La Unidad de Cirugia Cardiovascular de Guatemala.