Table 1.
Characteristics of participating cohorts
| Cohort and size | Enrolment period | Mean follow-up (years) | Mean age (years) at baseline | Mean BMI | Male sex (%) |
Ever smokers (%) | CVD deaths | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total No | Stroke related (%) | CHD related (%) | Other (%) | |||||||
| East Asians (n=835 082) | 1963-2006 | 11.0 | 54.63 | 23.1 | 47.9 | 40.0 | 40 791 | 45.2 | 23.4 | 31.4 |
| China (mainland) | ||||||||||
| CHEFS49 (n=154 791) | 1990-92 | 7.3 | 55.40 | 22.6* | 48.9 | 37.9 | 8106 | 48.4 | 15.5 | 36.1 |
| SCS50 (n=18 100) | 1986-89 | 16.5 | 55.26 | 22.2 | 100.0 | 57.3 | 1686 | 61.7 | 26.6 | 11.7 |
| SMHS51 (n=61 501) | 2001-06 | 3.2 | 54.88 | 23.7* | 100.0 | 69.6 | 297 | 47.1 | 33.7 | 19.2 |
| SWHS52 (n=74 942) | 1996-2000 | 8.7 | 52.13 | 24.0* | 0.0 | 2.8 | 804 | 56.3 | 22.0 | 21.6 |
| Taiwan | ||||||||||
| CBCSP53 (n=23 820) | 1991-92 | 15.4 | 47.35 | 24.0* | 50.3 | 28.9 | 558 | 46.6 | 28.5 | 24.9 |
| CVDFACTS54 (n=5160) | 1990-93 | 15.0 | 47.08 | 23.7* | 44.1 | 24.8 | 220 | 54.1 | 22.7 | 23.2 |
| Singapore Chinese Health Study† (n=63 257) | 1993-99 | 11.6 | 56.51 | 23.1 | 44.2 | 30.6 | 3708 | 27.5 | 56.9 | 15.6 |
| Korea | ||||||||||
| KMCC55 (n=16 013) | 1993-2004 | 6.59 | 55.6 | 23.7 | 39.7 | 36.4 | 330 | 55.45 | 22.7 | 21.82 |
| Seoul Male Cohort Study (n=14 533) | 1992-93 | 14.8 | 49.20 | 23.4 | 100 | 77.2 | 155 | 43.23 | 34.8 | 21.94 |
| Japan | ||||||||||
| Three Prefecture Cohort Study Aichi56 (n=33 529) | 1985 | 11.7 | 56.42 | 22.1 | 47.0 | 50.7 | 2209 | 39.3 | 18.4 | 42.3 |
| JACC57 (n=86 682) | 1988-90 | 12.8 | 57.59 | 22.8 | 41.8 | 38.6 | 3981 | 46.2 | 20.2 | 33.6 |
| JPHC158 (n=43 096) | 1990-92 | 14.6 | 49.59 | 23.6 | 47.9 | 40.2 | 888 | 45.3 | 21.4 | 33.3 |
| JPHC258 (n=56 572) | 1992-95 | 11.6 | 54.27 | 23.5 | 47.4 | 40.1 | 1372 | 41.2 | 25.3 | 33.4 |
| Three Prefecture Cohort Study Miyagi59 (n=31 345) | 1984 | 11.5 | 57.32 | 23.3 | 44.6 | 43.0 | 2662 | 48.7 | 19.2 | 32.2 |
| Miyagi Cohort Study59 (n=47 605) | 1990 | 12.9 | 52.14 | 23.6 | 48.0 | 50.0 | 705 | 43.7 | 25.4 | 30.9 |
| Ohsaki National Health Insurance60 (n=51 253) | 1995 | 9.9 | 60.51 | 23.5 | 47.9 | 48.6 | 2432 | 46.8 | 21.8 | 31.4 |
| RERF cohort61 (n=52 883) | 1963-93 | 22.0 | 51.82 | 22.0 | 38.7 | 43.8 | 10 678 | 45.1 | 20.1 | 34.9 |
| South Asians (n=289 815) | 1991-2002 | 6.4 | 49.72 | 22.0 | 49.3 | 21.7 | 8393 | 26.1 | 58.3 | 15.7 |
| India | ||||||||||
| Mumbai Cohort Study62 (n=146 827) | 1991-97 | 5.3 | 50.82 | 22.3* | 59.6 | 18.9 | 4008 | 19.6 | 55.3 | 25.1 |
| TOCS trial63 (n=131 242) | 1995-2002 | 7.6 | 49.62 | 21.8* | 38.5 | 23.5 | 4209 | 32.3 | 62.8 | 4.9 |
| Bangladesh (HEALS)64 (n=11 746) | 2000-02 | 6.7 | 37.06 | 19.8* | 42.9 | 35.5 | 176 | 24.4 | 17.6 | 58.0 |
| Total (east and south Asians) (n=1 124 897) | 1963-2006 | 9.7 | 53.42 | 22.8 | 47.6 | 34.4 | 49 184 | 41.9 | 29.3 | 28.8 |
HEALS=Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study; CHEFS=China National Hypertension Survey Epidemiology Follow-up Study; SCS=Shanghai Cohort Study; SMHS=Shanghai Men’s Health Study; SWHS=Shanghai Women’s Health Study; CBCSP=Community-based Cancer Screening Project study; CVDFACTS=CardioVascular Disease risk FACtor Two-township Study; KMCC=Korea Multi-center Cancer Cohort; JACC=Japan Collaborative Cohort Study; JPHC=Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study on Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases; RERF=Radiation Effects Research Foundation cohort; TOCS=Trivandrum Oral cancer Screening trial.
*BMI estimated using weight and height measured at enrolment. For other studies, weight and height were self reported.
†Included only people from the two major dialect groups of Chinese in Singapore—that is, the Hokkien and Cantonese, who originated from the contiguous provinces of Fujian and Guangdong in the southern part of China, respectively.