Table 2.
Comparison of baseline characteristics, concomitant medications, and changes during follow-up in participants with a >10% increase versus >10% decrease in serum aldosterone levels from baseline to 1 year (univariate analysis)
| Variables | Serum Aldosterone Level Changes between Baseline and 1 Yr | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Increase>10% (n=158; 28%) | Decrease>10% (n=320; 56%) | ||
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| Age (yr) mean ± SD | 59.4±9.8 | 60.6±9.2 | 0.19 |
| Men n (%) | 94 (59) | 206 (64) | 0.30 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) mean ± SD | 29.7±6.4 | 29.6±5.9 | 0.77 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) mean ± SD | 144.8±14.6 | 141.3±14.4 | 0.01 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) mean ± SD | 80.6±9.0 | 79.0±9.0 | 0.07 |
| Serum aldosterone (ng/dl) geometric mean ×/÷ SD | 6.2×/÷1.9 | 10.7×/÷1.9 | <0.001 |
| Glycosylated hemoglobin (%) mean ± SD | 7.9±1.3 | 7.9±1.2 | 0.72 |
| Urinary albumin creatinine ratio (mg/g) geometric mean ×/÷ SD | 1525.4×/÷2.7 | 1281.5×/÷2.2 | 0.01 |
| Na intake (Mann’s formula; mmol/d) geometric mean ×/÷ SD | 140.8×/÷1.4 | 133.5×/÷1.4 | 0.06 |
| Serum potassium (mmol/L) mean ± SD | 4.5±0.5 | 4.5±0.4 | 0.54 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) geometric mean ×/÷ SD | 43.7×/÷1.5 | 44.7×/÷1.6 | 0.55 |
| Baseline additional antihypertensive treatments | |||
| Diuretics n (%) | 101 (65) | 198 (65) | 0.87 |
| β-blockers n (%) | 83 (53) | 139 (45) | 0.15 |
| Calcium channel blockers n (%) | 115 (73) | 236 (77) | 0.30 |
| Other n (%) | 32 (20) | 58 (19) | 0.74 |
| Angiotensin II receptor blocker treatment from baseline to 1 yr | |||
| Losartan n (%) | 85 (54) | 151 (47) | 0.17 |
| Changes from baseline to 1 yr | |||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) mean ± SD | −6.7±18.6 | −1.4±17.6 | 0.003 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) mean ± SD | −4.2±11.4 | −2.1±10.8 | 0.05 |
| Urinary albumin creatinine ratio (mg/g) geometric mean percent ×/÷ SD | −36.4×/÷158.9 | −28.9×/÷149.6 | 0.37 |
| Na intake (Mann’s formula; mmol/d) geometric mean percent ×/÷ SD | −8.3×/÷38.6 | 7.0×/÷33.7 | <0.001 |
| Glycosylated hemoglobin (%) mean ± SD | 0.2±1.4 | 0.1±1.4 | 0.48 |
| Serum potassium (mmol/L) mean ± SD | 0.2±0.5 | 0.1±0.4 | 0.02 |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) geometric mean percent ×/÷ SD | −31.4×/÷29.7 | −14.8×/÷24.0 | <0.001 |
| Diuretics n (%) | +14 (9) | +23 (8) | 0.61 |
| β-blockers n (%) | +10 (6) | +23 (8) | 0.64 |
| Calcium channel blockers n (%) | +13 (8) | +19 (6) | 0.42 |
| Other n (%) | +13 (8) | +24 (8) | 0.88 |