(A) A circuit diagram of a single compartment model with two voltage-gated conductances, gNa and gK, and a leak conductance, gl. The model has a capacitance, C, determined by the size of the compartment and receives excitatory synaptic inputs, gexcit. (B) A circuit diagram of a single compartment model as in A with an additional inhibitory synaptic input, ginhib. (C) An example of a low mean, low contrast excitatory conductance waveform. (D) An example of a low mean, low contrast excitatory conductance waveform and an identical inhibitory conductance waveform. (E) An example of a low mean, low contrast excitatory conductance waveform and an inhibitory conductance waveform with five-fold greater mean and standard deviation. (F) The synaptic current evoked by the stimulus shown in C. (G) The synaptic current evoked by the stimulus shown in D. (H) The synaptic current evoked by the stimulus shown in E. (I) The spike train evoked by the stimulus shown in C. (J) The spike train evoked by the stimulus shown in D. (K) The spike train evoked by the stimulus shown in E.