| Horn |
2001 |
stroke |
20 (225) |
50% |
| The methodological quality of the animal studies was found to be poor. Of the included studies, 50% were in favor of nimodipine (which was not effective in human trials). In-depth analyses showed statistically significant effects in favor of treatment (10 studies) (Horn et al., 2001). |
| Corpet |
2003 |
dietary agents on colorectal cancer |
111 |
55% |
| “We found that the effect of most of the agents tested was consistent across the animal and clinical models.” Data extracted from Table 3 (Corpet et al., 2003) with noted discrepant results for 20 studies, but only summary results provided. No quality assurance of data or inclusion/exclusion criteria. Human study end point is not cancer incidence but adenoma recurrence. The two animal models in rat and mice showed a significant correlation of agents tested in both models (r = 0.66; n = 36; P < 0.001). Updated very similar analysis published (Corpet et al., 2005). |
| Perel |
2007 |
diverse (6) |
230 |
50% (of indications) |
| “Discordance between animal and human studies may be due to bias or to the failure of animal models to mimic clinical disease adequately.” Poor quality of animal studies noted. |
| Bebarta |
2003 |
emergency medicine |
290 |
n.a. |
| “Animal studies that do not utilize RND [randomization] and BLD [blinding] are more likely to report a difference between study groups than studies that employ these methods” (Bebarta et al., 2003). |
| Pound |
2004 |
diverse (6) |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Analysis of 25 systematic reviews on animal studies found; summary of six examples (Horn et al., 2001; Lucas et al., 2002; Roberts et al., 2002; Mapstone et al., 2003; Ciccone and Candelise, unpublished; Petticrew and Davey Smith, 2003). “Much animal research into potential treatments for humans is wasted because it is poorly conducted and not evaluated through systematic reviews.” |
| Sena |
2010 |
stroke |
1359 |
n.a. |
| Analysis of 16 systematic reviews of interventions tested in animal studies of acute ischemic stroke involving 525 unique publications. Publication bias was highly prevalent (Sena et al., 2010). |
| Hackam |
2006 |
diverse |
76 |
37% |
| “Only about a third of highly cited animal research translated at the level of human randomized trials.” (Hackam and Redelmeier, 2006) |
