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. 2013 Aug 21;98(10):4176–4186. doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-2232

Table 2.

Insulin Secretion, Insulin Sensitivity, and Disposition Index

Pre Post Δ
Serum insulin
    Fasting, pM 121 ± 8 90 ± 5b −31 ± 7
    2-h OGTT, pM 754 ± 76 576 ± 91a −180 ± 61
    ΔI 0–30 min, pM 449 ± 48 345 ± 31a −107 ± 33
    iAUC I 0–30 min, pM·min 9872 ± 773 7391 ± 475b −2480 ± 553
    iAUC I 30–120 min, pM·min 71 554 ± 6537 52 368 ± 5660b −19 670 ± 5021
    ΔI/G 0–30 min 175 ± 22 124 ± 14a −52 ± 17
    iAUC I/G 0–30 min 42.5 ± 3.5 33.5 ± 2.3b −9.0 ± 2.2
    iAUC I/G 30–120 min 188 ± 21 142 ± 19a −48 ± 14
Serum C-peptide
    Fasting, pM 959 ± 54 841 ± 46a −118 ± 38
    2-h OGTT, pM 3454 ± 187 3247 ± 195 −207 ± 134
    ΔC 0–30 min, pM 946 ± 95 931 ± 94 −15 ± 63
    iAUC C 0–30 min, pM·min 45 702 ± 2372 41 256 ± 2001 −4446 ± 1553
    iAUC C 30–120 min, pM·min 239 064 ± 15 131 244 987 ± 16 234 5923 ± 10592
    ΔC/G 0–30 min 418 ± 60 359 ± 44 −59 ± 53
    iAUC C/G 0–30 min 187 ± 11 181 ± 11 −6.6 ± 6.7
    iAUC C/G 30–120 min 548 ± 51 578 ± 68 30 ± 52
Rate sensitivity, pM/mM 284 ± 171 207 ± 81 −27 ± 205
Clamp GDR, μmol/kg/min 12.7 ± 0.7 18.7 ± 1.0b 6.0 ± 0.7
Clamp insulin, pM 480 ± 27 460 ± 25 −20.9 ± 16.4
Insulin sensitivity, μmol/kg/min/pM 0.0194 ± 0.0013 0.0309 ± 0.0022b 0.012 ± 0.001
First-phase DI, a.u. 707 ± 64 1054 ± 113b 351 ± 89
Second-phase DI, a.u. 3561 ± 317 6491 ± 672b 2946 ± 489

Abbreviations: C, C-peptide; F, female; G, glucose; GDR, glucose disposal rate; I, insulin; M, male; Rate sensitivity, rate of change of serum C-peptide relative to the rate of change of plasma glucose; Δ0–30 min, increment between 0 and 30 min of OGTT. Δ values represent the exercise responsiveness of each variable.

Subjects (n = 105) with impaired glucose tolerance and recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes underwent 12- to 6 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training, 5 days per week, 60 minutes per day. Body composition, aerobic fitness (VO2max), glucose tolerance (OGTT), insulin sensitivity (glucose clamp), and oral glucose-stimulated insulin secretion were measured.

Data indicate mean ± SEM. Paired t tests were used to compare pre- vs postexercise means. Statistical significance is represented by a P < .01 and b P < .001.