Table 3.

Relationships Between Exercise Training-induced Changes (Δ) in Measures of Glycemia and Training-induced Changes (Δ) in Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion

R values	Δ HbA1c	Δ Fasting Glucose	Δ 2-h OGTT Glucose	Δ AUC OGTT Glucose
Δ Serum insulin
Fasting	0.27	0.47c	0.31b	0.14
2-h OGTT	0.01	0.08	0.20	0.16
ΔI 0–30 min	0.00	−0.06	−0.11	−0.10
iAUC I 0–30 min	0.10	0.15	0.06	0.02
iAUC I 30–120 min	0.02	0.04	−0.02	0.04
ΔI/G 0–30 min	−0.02	−0.05	−0.13	−0.34c
iAUC I/G 0–30 min	0.02	0.00	−0.04	0.13
iAUC I/G 30–120 min	0.00	0.02	−0.19a	−0.40c
Δ Serum C-peptide
Fasting	0.37a	0.34b	0.24a	0.40c
2-h OGTT	−0.19	−0.01	0.28a	0.42c
ΔC 0–30 min	−0.12	−0.16	0.17	0.06
iAUC C 0–30 min	0.13	0.17	0.12	0.35b
iAUC C 30–120 min	−0.24	−0.09	0.02	0.18
ΔC/G 0–30 min	−0.14	−0.09	−0.11	−0.13
iAUC C/G 0–30 min	−0.06	−0.18	−0.14	0.18
iAUC C/G 30–120 min	−0.17	−0.02	−0.25a	−0.42c
Rate sensitivity	−0.10	0.01	−0.17	−0.18
Δ Insulin sensitivity	0.04	−0.04	−0.15	−0.13
Δ First-phase DI	−0.04	0.02	−0.23	0.08
Δ Second-phase DI	−0.09	−0.03	−0.08	0.04

Abbreviations: C, C-peptide; G, glucose; I, insulin; Δ 0–30 min, increment between 0 and 30 minutes of OGTT.

Linear regression was used to compare training-induced changes in variables. Statistically significant correlations are represented by ^a P < .05, ^b P < .01, and ^c P < .001.