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. 2013 Oct 4;8(10):e75133. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075133

Table 4. Multiple logistic regression model of independent associations between problematic substance use and unmet mental health care needs.

Have unmet needs formental health care inpast 12 months (n = 278) No unmet needs formental health care inpast 12 months (n = 906) Adjusted OR for having unmetneeds for mental health care inpast 12 months (95% CI) (n = 1115)
Problematic drug use1, n (%) 143 (52) 198 (22) 3.06 (2.17, 4.30)
Problematic alcohol use2, n (%) 57 (21) 129 (14) 1.27 (0.85, 1.91)
Housing status, n (%)
Vulnerably housed (ref) 135 (49) 456 (50) 1.00
Homeless 143 (51) 450 (50) 1.45 (1.06, 1.98)
Lifetime duration of homelessness (in years), mean (SD) 5.4 (6.2) 5.0 (6.0) 0.99 (0.96, 1.02)
Gender, n (%)
Female (ref) 103 (37) 285 (32) 1.00
Male 167 (61) 607 (67) 1.11 (0.78, 1.58)
Transgender 6 (2) 12 (1) 1.39 (0.42, 4.56)
Age (in years), mean (SD) 40.9 (9.7) 42.6 (10.8) 0.99 (0.98, 1.01)
Racial/cultural group, n (%)
White (ref) 180 (67) 538 (61) 1.00
Black/African-Canadian 13 (5) 93 (10) 0.73 (0.37, 1.45)
First Nations/Aboriginal 52 (19) 150 (17) 0.96 (0.62, 1.47)
Mixed ethnicity 12 (5) 51 (6) 0.69 (0.33, 1.43)
Other 11 (4) 48 (6) 1.15 (0.52, 2.55)
Employed in past 12 months, n (%) 107 (39) 362 (40) 1.07 (0.77, 1.50)
Incarcerated in past 12 months, n (%) 102 (37) 235 (26) 1.23 (0.88, 1.73)
City, n (%)
Vancouver (ref) 108 (39) 286 (32) 1.00
Toronto 66 (24) 330 (36) 0.71 (0.47, 1.06)
Ottawa 104 (37) 290 (32) 0.88 (0.61, 1.23)
Number of chronic health conditions3, n (%)
0 (ref) 19 (7) 131 (15) 1.00
1 34 (12) 214 (24) 0.91 (0.46, 1.82)
2 42 (15) 154 (17) 1.64 (0.82, 3.28)
≥3 183 (66) 407 (45) 2.67 (1.43, 4.98)
Ever diagnosed with a mental health problem, n (%) 206 (75) 398 (45) 2.98 (2.12, 4.20)
Has a primary care provider, n (%) 175 (63) 541 (60) 0.80 (0.57, 1.12)

Note: Coefficients are based on a multiple logistic regression model. Bolded coefficients are significant at the p<0.05 level. Nagelkerke R2 = 0.23.

Due to missing data, there were slightly varying denominators for reported frequencies.

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

1

DAST-10≥6.

2

AUDIT≥20.

3

For a definition of chronic health conditions please see footnote of table 1.