Table 5. Multiple logistic regression model of associations between type of substance use with addiction treatment among persons with problematic substance use.
| No addiction treatment in past 12 months (n = 193) | Use of addiction treatment in past 12 months (n = 250) | Adjusted OR for having been in addiction treatment in past 12 months (95% CI) (n = 421) | |
| Type of substance use, n (%) | |||
| Problematic alcohol use only1 (ref) | 66 (44.0) | 37 (14.8) | 1.00 |
| Problematic drug use only2 | 91 (47.2) | 165 (66.0) | 2.80 (1.60, 4.89) |
| Problematic alcohol and drug use3 | 36 (18.7) | 48 (19.2) | 2.32 (1.18, 4.54) |
| Housing status, n (%) | |||
| Vulnerably housed (ref) | 119 (62) | 128 (51) | 1.00 |
| Homeless | 74 (38) | 122 (49) | 1.67 (1.09, 2.56) |
| Lifetime duration of homelessness (in years), mean (SD) | 6.1 (6.8) | 5.6 (6.2) | 0.99 (0.95, 1.02) |
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Female (ref) | 68 (35) | 89 (36) | 1.00 |
| Male | 123 (64) | 155 (62) | 1.24 (0.76, 2.05) |
| Transgender | 2 (1) | 6 (2) | 2.20 (0.38, 12.87) |
| Mean Age (SD) | 39.7 (9.8) | 39.7 (9.4) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.04) |
| Racial/cultural group, n (%) | |||
| White (ref) | 110 (59) | 159 (65) | 1.00 |
| Black/African-Canadian | 7 (4) | 13 (5) | 1.22 (0.43, 3.41) |
| First Nations/Aboriginal | 57 (30) | 46 (19) | 0.58 (0.33, 1.00) |
| Mixed ethnicity | 6 (3) | 19 (8) | 1.88 (0.68, 5.25) |
| Other | 7 (4) | 7 (3) | 0.62 (0.19, 2.00) |
| Employed in past 12 months, n (%) | 74 (39) | 95 (38) | 0.90 (0.56, 1.43) |
| Incarcerated in past 12 months, n (%) | 80 (42) | 109 (44) | 1.08 (0.69, 1.67) |
| City, n (%) | |||
| Vancouver (ref) | 70 (36) | 105 (42) | 1.00 |
| Toronto | 53 (28) | 66 (26) | 0.82 (0.48, 1.43) |
| Ottawa | 70 (36) | 79 (32) | 0.76 (0.45, 1.30) |
| Number of chronic health conditions4, n (%) | |||
| 0 (ref) | 19 (10) | 11 (4) | 1.00 |
| 1 | 30 (15) | 56 (23) | 2.37 (0.92, 6.09) |
| 2 | 32 (17) | 42 (17) | 1.77 (0.68, 4.62) |
| ≥3 | 11239 (583) | 141 (56) | 1.86 (0.77, 4.47) |
| Ever diagnosed with a mental health problem, n (%) | 104 (55) | 160 (65) | 1.40 (0.89, 2.20) |
| Has a primary care provider, n (%) | 112 (58) | 181 (72) | 1.86 (1.18, 2.94) |
Note: Coefficients are based on a multiple logistic regression model. Bolded coefficients are significant at the p<0.05 level. Nagelkerke R2 = 0.16.
Due to missing data, there were slightly varying denominators for reported frequencies.
OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.
1
AUDIT≥20, but not DAST-10≥6.
2
DAST-10≥6, but not AUDIT≥20.
3
AUDIT≥20 and DAST-10≥6.
4
For a definition of chronic health conditions please see footnote of table 1.