Table 3.
Study | Finger tapping | Symbol digit | Digit symbol | Digit span | Peg board | Trail-B | Hand steadiness | Santa ana | Wisconsin total error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mercury (per mg/m3-yr of cumulative exposure) | |||||||||
Ngim et al, 1992 [100] | 0.291 | 0.582 | – | 0.885 | 0.185 | 1.277 | – | – | – |
Liang et al, 1993 [101] | 0.146 | 0.431 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Piikivi et al, 1989 [99] | 0.096 | 0.188 | – | 0.127 | – | – | – | – | – |
Lead (per measures based on bone/blood lead) | |||||||||
Stewart et al, 1999 [97]† | 0.029 | 0.024 | – | 0.052 | 0.017 | – | – | – | – |
Chia et al, 1997 [102]‡ | – | – | 0.244 | – | 0.159 | 0.496 | – | 0.089 | – |
Barth et al, 2002 [103]‡ | – | – | 0.025 | – | – | – | – | 0.307 | |
Lindgren et al, 1996 [104]§ | 0.018 | 0.022 | 0.036 | 0.016 | 0.065 | – | – | – | |
Manganese (per mg/m3-y of cumulative exposure) | |||||||||
Lucchini et al, 1995 [31] | 0.095 | 0.374 | – | 0.227 | – | – | – | – | – |
Ellingsen et al, 2008 [28] | 0.016 | – | 0.026 | 0.036 | 0.004 | – | 0.125 | – | – |
Wastensson et al, 2012 [87] | 0.0005 | – | – | – | 0.023 | – | – | – | – |
Mergler et al, 1994 and Baldwin et al, 2008 [30,105] | 0.011 | 0.004 | – | 0.010 | – | 0.036 | 0.089 | – | – |
Lucchini et al, 1999 [33]-high | 0.017 | 0.039 | – | 0.028 | – | – | – | – | – |
Lucchini et al, 1999 [33]-mid | 0.058 | 0.144 | – | 0.183 | – | – | – | – | – |
Kim et al, 1999 [23]-high | 0.072 | – | 0.225 | 0.151 | – | – | – | 0.042 | – |
Kim et al, 1999 [23]-low | 0.438 | – | 1.206 | 0.369 | – | – | – | – | – |
Iregren, 1990 [81] | 0.029 | – | – | 0.035 | – | – | – | – | – |
Yuan et al, 2006 [26] | – | – | 0.079 | 0.053 | – | – | – | – | – |
Chang et al, 2009 [88] | 0.034 | – | 0.040 | 0.084 | 0.040 | – | – | – | – |
Calculated as: (1) for discrete analyses, difference in score between exposed and unexposed group divided by control group score and by average cumulative exposure, or (2) for regression-based results, estimated effect at 1 mg/m3-year divided by intercept or nominal baseline normal score.
Using normal baseline levels and based on average observed community tibial bone lead levels.
Based on change per 250 μg/dL–year of cumulative lead blood level.
Based on change per 250 μg/dL–year of cumulative lead blood level comparing two groups: 268 versus 1227 μg/dL–year Pb (mean lead = 26.1 vs. 52.8 μg/dL, respectively).