Table 1.
Effect of extracellular matrix mutations in the periodontium
| Ligand | Periodontal ligament | Human disease | Mouse model | Periodontal ligament phenotype | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Collagen | |||||
| Collagen I | ✓ | Ehlers–Danlos syndrome type VIIa/b | − | (1) | |
| Collagen XII | ✓ | Col12a1−/− MXIINC3(-) TG | ND + | (58, 115) | |
| Proteoglycans | |||||
| Decorin | ✓ | Stromal corneal dystrophy | Dcn−/− | + (mouse) ND (human) | (23, 33) |
| Lumican | ✓ | Lum−/− | + | (28) | |
| Fibromodulin | ✓ | Fmod−/− | + | (140) | |
| Glycoproteins | |||||
| Fibrillin-1 | ✓ | Marfan syndrome type I | Fbn1−/− Fbn1Tsk | + | (108, 133) |
| SPARC | ✓ | Sparc−/− | + | (102) | |
| Osteopontin | ✓ | Spp1−/− | − | (77) | |
| Periostin | ✓ | Postn−/− | + | (120) | |
| Transforming growth factor beta-induced | ✓ | Granular corneal dystrophy | Tgfbi−/− | ND | (66, 167) |
| Tenascin-W | ✓ | − | ND | (100) | |
| Gene locus: 12p13 | ✓ | Ehlers–Danlos syndrome type VIII | − | + | (16) |
+
present
−
none
ND, not determined.