. 2013 Aug;103(8):e34–e43. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301394

TABLE 2—

Geometric Means and Standard Deviations by Elevated Depressive Symptoms Status and Antidepressant Use at Each Time Point: Women’s Health Initiative (WHI), United States, 1993–2005

	Baseline			Year 1^a			Year 3			Year 6
Variable	Yes	No	P^b	Yes	No	P	Yes	No	P	Yes	No	P
	Elevated depressive symptoms? (Yes/No)
BMI^c (kg/m²)	27.1 (1.22)	26.2 (1.21)	≤ .001				27.4 (1.23)	26.5 (1.21)	≤ .001
Weight^c (kg)	70.5 (1.23)	68.6 (1.22)	≤ .001				70.9 (1.24)	68.9 (1.22)	≤ .001
Waist circumference^c (cm)	84.5 (1.17)	82.5 (1.16)	≤ .001				85.7 (1.17)	83.3 (1.16)	≤ .001
Insulin^d (μU/mL)	10.4 (1.70)	10.1 (1.60)	.34	10.3 (1.67)	9.8 (1.65)	.12	11.9 (1.68)	10.9 (1.62)	.006
HOMA-IR^d	2.5 (1.81)	2.4 (1.73)	.45	2.4 (1.82)	2.3 (1.79)	.13	2.8 (1.81)	2.6 (1.77)	.05
Fasting glucose^d (mg/dL)	95.7 (1.13)	96.2 (1.16)	.51	96.0 (1.17)	95.4 (1.17)	.51	94.6 (1.15)	96.0 (1.21)	.12	100.7 (1.20)	98.6 (1.19)	.06
Systolic blood pressure^d (mm Hg)	126.0 (1.14)	127.4 (1.14)	.21	124.5 (1.13)	125.3 (1.14)	.41	126.2 (1.13)	125.9 (1.14)	.79	125.2 (1.15)	125.1 (1.14)	.96
Diastolic blood pressure^d (mm Hg)	75.4 (1.13)	75.9 (1.13)	.45	74.4 (1.13)	74.1 (1.13)	.59	74.1 (1.14)	73.6 (1.14)	.45	71.6 (1.15)	71.6 (1.14)	.94
HDL^d (mg/dL)	55.0 (1.29)	56.5 (1.29)	.1	56.6 (1.29)	57.7 (1.29)	.19	56.7 (1.30)	56.4 (1.29)	.73	55.9 (1.27)	56.4 (1.28)	.58
Triglycerides^d (mg/dL)	140.9 (1.67)	133.6 (1.60)	.11	138.5 (1.62)	138.8 (1.59)	.93	142.8 (1.56)	139.1 (1.59)	.38	138.7 (1.56)	133.8 (1.56)	.2
CRP^d (mg/L)	2.1 (3.00)	2.0 (2.85)	.28
IL-6^d (pg/mL)	2.1 (2.23)	1.9 (2.25)	.05
TNF-α R2^d (pg/mL)	2547.1 (1.36)	2414.6 (1.36)	.003
	On antidepressants? (Yes/No)
BMI^c (kg/m²)	27.4 (1.22)	26.3 (1.21)	≤ .001				27.6 (1.22)	26.5 (1.21)	≤.001
Weight^c (kg)	72.1 (1.23)	68.6 (1.22)	≤ .001				72.2 (1.24)	69.0 (1.22)	≤.001
Waist circumference^c (cm)	85.7 (1.17)	82.5 (1.16)	≤ .001				86.7 (1.17)	83.3 (1.16)	≤.001
Insulin^d (μU/mL)	9.9 (1.62)	10.1 (1.62)	.72	9.1 (1.62)	9.9 (1.65)	.13	11.6 (1.54)	11.0 (1.63)	.32
HOMA-IR^d	2.3 (1.74)	2.4 (1.74)	.56	2.1 (1.75)	2.3 (1.80)	.09	2.7 (1.72)	2.6 (1.78)	.4
Fasting glucose^d (mg/dL)	94.4 (1.12)	96.2 (1.16)	.19	93.1 (1.14)	95.6 (1.17)	.07	95.8 (1.21)	95.8 (1.20)	.98	99.1 (1.22)	98.9 (1.19)	.89
Systolic blood pressure^d (mm Hg)	125.3 (1.15)	127.3 (1.14)	.36	123.7 (1.15)	125.2 (1.14)	.38	125.6 (1.16)	126.0 (1.14)	.84	124.6 (1.12)	125.2 (1.14)	.62
Diastolic blood pressure^d (mm Hg)	74.1 (1.14)	75.9 (1.13)	.12	74.5 (1.15)	74.2 (1.13)	.75	72.9 (1.14)	73.8 (1.14)	.35	71.6 (1.13)	71.6 (1.14)	.96
HDL^d (mg/dL)	54.9 (1.33)	56.3 (1.29)	.42	58.5 (1.28)	57.5 (1.29)	.52	55.7 (1.32)	56.5 (1.29)	.61	56.4 (1.28)	56.3 (1.28)	.91
Triglycerides^d (mg/dL)	158.7 (1.63)	133.7 (1.61)	.004	144.4 (1.52)	138.5 (1.59)	.42	149.2 (1.64)	139.1 (1.58)	.12	150.4 (1.57)	133.1 (1.56)	.001
CRP^e (mg/L)	2.9 (2.62)	2.0 (2.88)	≤ .001
IL-6^e (pg/mL)	2.2 (2.17)	1.9 (2.25)	.04
TNF-α R2^e(pg/mL)	2621.8 (1.35)	2422.9 (1.36)	.003

Note. BMI = body mass index; CRP = C-reactive protein; CT = clinical trials; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IL-6 = interleukin-6; OS = observational study; TNF-α R2 = tumor-necrosis factor-α receptor 2.

^{^a}

Empty cells indicate that data were not collected in these time points.

^{^b}

P value from 2 simple means t-test.

^{^c}

Means based on 71 809 women in the WHI–OS who completed all relevant at baseline and year-3 assessments.

^{^d}

Means based on 1950 women in the WHI–CT who had longitudinal measures of fasting glucose, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin.

^{^e}

Means based on 2242 women in the WHI–OS with who had complete data at baseline.