. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 8.

Published in final edited form as: J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics. 2013 Jul;8(3):58–65. doi: 10.1525/jer.2013.8.3.58

TABLE 2.

Dilemmas IRBs Face Concerning Social Risks

How to define “long-range” social risks:

How long?
- Past conclusion of protocol?
Related only to policy?
- What about increased stigma?
Includes long-range risks to communities?
- What if communities are vulnerable?
- How to define “vulnerability”?
What if a study may perpetuate, or continue to widen, social inequities?