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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Jul;139(7):719–727. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2013.3559

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic diagram of the instrument used to test ETF (a), and idealized ME pressure (MEP) and trans-ET Flow versus time waveforms for the Forced-Response test (FRT), MEP versus time waveforms for the Inflation-Deflation test (IDT), and MEP and nasal pressure (NP) versus time waveforms for the Valsalva and Sniffing tests (b). “S” indicates a swallow. PO=ET opening pressure, PS=ET steady-state pressure, PC=ET closing pressure, AP=applied pressure, PP=peak pressure, RP=residual pressure, QS=steady-state flow and QA=peak flow during a swallow. See Methods for a complete description.