Table 3. Association of obesity with socio-economic factors, among 35–70 year old Algerians and Tunisians, by gender.

	Obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2)
		Algeria						Tunisia
		Unadjusted			Adjusteda			Unadjusted			Adjusteda
	n	%b	ORc	C.I.d	ORc	C.I. d	n	%b	ORc	C.I.d	ORc	C.I. d
Women		n e  = 2678					n e  = 2725
Age		P<0.0001			P = 0.0007			P = 0.018			P = 0.011
35–44 y.	938	25.6	1	–	1	–	954	33.0	1	–	1	–
45–54 y.	914	36.2	1.6	1.4–2.0	1.5	1.2–1.9	951	41.8	1.5	1.1–1.9	1.5	1.2–2.0
55–70 y.	826	29.4	1.2	0.9–1.6	1.1	0.9–1.5	820	38.1	1.2	1.0–1.6	1.3	1.0–1.8
Marital status		P = 0.0008			P = 0.0026			P = 0.40			P = 0.34
Married	2023	32.2	1.6	1.2–2.0	1.5	1.2–2.0	2175	37.6	1.1	0.9–1.4	1.1	0.9–1.5
Other	655	23.2	1	–	1	–	550	35.1	1	–	1	–
Education		P = 0.075			P = 0.36			P<0.0001			P = 0.0060
No formal schooling	1496	29.5	1	–	1	–	1583	31.6	1	–	1	–
Primary	643	34.5	1.3	1.0–1.6	1.1	0.9–1.5	801	45.2	1.8	1.4–2.2	1.3	1.1–1.7
Secondary or more	539	26.8	0.9	0.7–1.2	0.9	0.6–1.2	341	38.0	1.3	1.0–1.8	0.9	0.6–1.3
Professional occupation		P = 0.042			P = 0.27			P = 0.53			P = 0.073
Not working/retired	2396	30.9	1	–	1	–	2197	37.5	1	–	1	–
Employee/worker	145	22.9	0.7	0.4–1.0	0.8	0.5–1.3	405	38.1	1.0	0.7–1.4	1.2	0.8–1.6
Upper/intermediate	137	23.4	0.7	0.4–1.0	0.7	0.4–1.1	123	30.9	0.7	0.5–1.3	0.5	0.3–0.9
Household welfare index5		P = 0.014			P = 0.0049			P<0.0001			P<0.0001
First quintile	634	23.4	1	–	1	–	747	16.7	1	–	1	–
Second quintile	497	27.6	1.2	0.9–1.8	1.2	0.9–1.7	677	33.1	2.5	1.8–3.5	2.4	1.7–3.3
Third quintile	486	29.1	1.3	1.0–1.9	1.4	1.0–1.9	581	45.0	4.1	3.0–5.6	3.9	2.8–5.3
Fourth quintile	558	34.4	1.7	1.2–2.4	1.8	1.3–2.5	401	47.9	4.6	3.3–6.4	4.6	3.2–6.6
Fifth quintile	503	34.3	1.7	1.2–2.5	1.9	1.3–2.8	319	46.3	4.3	2.9–6.4	5.7	3.7–8.6
Men	n e  = 1944						n e  = 2238
Age		P = 0.74			P = 0.52			P = 0.89			P = 0.12
35–44 y.	769	10.1	1	–	1	–	991	13.5	1	–	1	–
45–54 y.	528	8.0	0.8	0.4–1.5	0.8	0.4–1.5	672	14.4	1.1	0.7–1.6	1.1	0.7–1.7
55–70 y.	647	9.2	0.9	0.5–1.5	1.1	0.6–2.1	575	13.1	1.0	0.6–1.5	1.6	1.0–2.5
Marital status		P = 0.27			P = 0.28			P = 0.51			P = 0.69
Married	1822	9.3	1.5	0.7–3.0	1.5	0.7–3.4	2156	13.5	0.7	0.3–1.8	0.8	0.3–2.0
Other	122	6.5	1	–	1	–	82	17.4	1	–	1	–
Education		P = 0.22			P = 0.36			P<0.0001			P = 0.021
No formal schooling	580	7.2	1	–	1	–	506	6.0	1	–	1	–
Primary	602	9.4	1.3	0.9–2.1	1.3	0.9–2.0	916	14.5	2.6	1.6–4.3	2.1	1.3–3.8
Secondary or more	762	10.5	1.5	0.9–2.4	1.1	0.6–1.8	816	16.7	3.1	1.9–5.2	1.9	1.0–3.6
Professional occupation		P = 0.0029			P = 0.0035			P = 0.24			P = 0.083
Not working/retired	648	8.5	1	–	1	–	400	10.4	1	–	1	–
Employee/worker	805	6.4	0.7	0.4–1.2	0.8	0.5–1.5	1349	13.9	0.9	0.6–1.2	1.6	1.0–2.5
Upper/intermediate	491	14.7	1.8	1.1–3.0	2.0	1.2–3.5	489	15.6	0.6	0.4–1.1	1.2	0.7–2.1
Household welfare index f		P = 0.076			P = 0.62			P<0.0001			P<0.0001
First quintile	499	6.9	1	–	1	–	483	4.3	1	–
Second quintile	406	7.8	1.1	0.5–2.4	1.1	0.5–2.3	481	10.7	2.7	1.4–5.1	2.3	1.2–4.3
Third quintile	368	10.5	1.6	0.9–2.7	1.4	0.8–2.5	478	13.1	3.4	1.9–6.0	2.9	1.6–5.1
Fourth quintile	352	9.3	1.4	0.8–2.5	1.2	0.7–2.2	455	17.6	4.8	2.7–8.5	4.0	2.2–7.4
Fifth quintile	319	11.8	1.8	1.1–3.0	1.4	0.8–2.6	341	21.3	6.0	3.4–10.8	5.5	2.9–10.3

^aAdjusted for age, marital status, education, profession and household welfare index.

^bWeighted proportion of obesity in each category.

^cPrevalence Odds-Ratio vs. reference category.

^d0.95 design based confidence interval.

^eComplete-case analysis.

^fAsset-based household welfare index: increasing welfare from 1^st to 5^th quintile.