Table 2.
Vancomycin pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters between severe hypoalbuminemia and non-severe hypoalbuminemia patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia
| PK/PD parameters | Severe hypoalbuminemia (n=23) | Non-severe hypoalbuminemia (n=71) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cmax (μg/mL) | 26.8 ± 1.8 (11–44) | 25.7 ± 1.0 (12–40) | 0.606a |
| Trough concentration (μg/mL) | 10.9 ± 1.3 (2.7–23) | 9.0 ± 0.7 (1.6–23) | 0.179a |
| AUC/MIC (μg × h/mL) | 426.3 ± 43 (150–789) | 340.1 ± 14.0 (167–784) | 0.066b |
| <250 (μg × h/mL) | 6 (26%) | 11 (15%) | 0.113c |
| 250–450 (μg × h/mL) | 8 (35%) | 54 (76%) | <0.001c |
| >450 (μg × h/mL) | 9 (39%) | 6 (9%) | <0.001c |
| Vd (L) | 64.0 ± 1.1 (51–71) | 62.3 ± 0.7 (50–95) | 0.223a |
| T1/2 (hours) | 33.2 ± 5.4 (15–135) | 24.9 ± 1.6 (10–68) | 0.049a |
| CLr (mL/minute) | 33.7 ± 3.7 (4.8–58.7) | 40.7 ± 2.1 (7.9–91.2) | 0.101a |
| Single dose (mg) | 774 ± 51 (400–1,250) | 815 ± 27 (350–1,250) | 0.456a |
| Daily dose (mg/kg/day) | 19.5 ± 1.6 (6.9–34.5) | 20.4 ± 1.2 (3.4–63.1) | 0.658a |
| Dose interval (hours) | 25.0 ± 1.7 (12–48) | 26.5 ± 1.5 (12–72) | 0.509b |
Notes: Data are presented as the mean ± standard error (range) or the number of subjects (%).
a
P-values determined using the Student’s t-test;
b
P-values determined using the Welch test;
c
P-values determined using the χ2 test.
Abbreviations: AUC, area under the concentration curve; CLr, renal clearance; Cmax, peak concentration; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; PD, pharmacodynamic; PK, pharmacokinetic; T1/2, half-life of VCM; VCM, vancomycin; Vd, volume of distribution.