Table II.
Baseline swallowing status from pre-treatment videofluoroscopy.
| Participant | Baseline swallowing status (videofluoroscopy) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stimulus | Penetration–aspiration scale scorea | Vallecular residue scoreb | Pyriform sinus residue scoreb | |
| 1 | Thin | 8 | 2 | 2 |
| Spoon-Thick | 8 | 2 | 2 | |
| 2 | Thin | 8 | 0 | 2 |
| Spoon-Thick | 5 | 0 | 2 | |
| 3 | Thin | 8 | 1 | 0 |
| Spoon-Thick | 5 | 2 | 1 | |
| 4 | Thin | 7 | 2 | 1 |
| Spoon-Thick | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| 5 | Thin | 8 | 1 | 0 |
| Spoon-Thick | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| 6 | Thin | 8 | 2 | 1 |
| Spoon-Thick | 8 | 3 | 1 | |
aPenetration–aspiration was rated using the 8-point Penetration Aspiration Scale (Rosenbek et al., 1996) in which a score of 1 reflects normal swallowing safety, a score of 2 indicates high penetration of the supraglottic space with subsequent ejection, scores of 3–5 indicate laryngeal penetration, and 6–8 indicate aspiration of material below the true vocal folds.
bResidues in the valleculae and pyriform sinuses were rated using a 4-point ordinal scale described by Eisenhuber et al. (2002) in which 0 = no residue, 1 = thin coating, 2 = 25–50% full, and 3 ≥ 50% full.