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The fibrogenic and proliferative actions of serotonin in liver homeostasis and disease. Platelet derived 5-HT stimulates hepatocyte proliferation via 5-HT2A receptors whilst in hepatic myofibroblasts 5-HT signaling via 5-HT2B receptors enhances TGFβ1 production which promotes fibrosis and limits liver regeneration. Local production of 5-HT by cholangiocytes inhibits their proliferation; however this autocrine negative feedback loop is suppressed by TGFβ1.
