Table I.
Patient characteristics
| Patient characteristics | Nondiabetes | Controlled diabetes | Uncontrolled diabetes | P values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y)* | 65 ± 5 | 69 ± 4.6 | 66 ± 4.0 | .8 |
| Male/female (n) | 5/3 | 6/2 | 5/3 | .97 |
| HbA1c (%)* | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 6.5 ± 0.2 | 9.4 ± 0.3† | .001 |
| Patient blood glucose (mg/dL, pre-CPB)* | 102 ± 10 | 138 ± 14 | 270 ± 15† | .0001 |
| Patient blood glucose (mg/dL, during-CPB)* | 135 ± 12 | 160 ± 16 | 196 ± 17† | .03 |
| Preoperative insulin (n) (µ/h*) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.0 ± 1) | 8 (10 ± 3)† | .004 |
| Intraoperative insulin (n) (µ/h*) | 0 (0) | 2 (10 ± 2) | 8 (15 ± 4)† | .001 |
| Obesity (BMI >30) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1.00 |
| Atrial fibrillation (n) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.00 |
| Hypercholesterolemia (n) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 1.0 |
| Hypertension (n) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 1.0 |
| Duration of CPB (min)* | 120 ± 11 | 125 ± 12 | 133 ± 15 | .7 |
| Cross-clamp time (min)* | 103 ± 10 | 110 ± 12 | 116 ± 10 | .5 |
| CABG only (n) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 1.0 |
| Number of grafts | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | .9 |
| Perioperative inotropic agent NE (n) | 7 (1.57 ± 0.47) | 7 (1.8 ± 0.48) | 7 (1.74 ± 0.51) | .9 |
*
Data expressed as mean ± standard error of mean.
†
Versus nondiabetics.
BMI, Body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; NE, norepinephrine; NS, no significance.