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. 2013 Oct 9;8(10):e77909. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077909

Figure 4. sPLA2-IIA inhibition prevents LPS-induced expression of COX-2 and mPGES-1.

Figure 4

(A) Mice (n = 4) were given i.c.v. injection with LPS (2.5 µg) alone or injected with SC-215 (2.5 µg)1 hour before LPS stimulation for 1 hour. The cortex was obtained 1 hour later to study the effect of SC-215 on LPS-induced COX-2 and mPGES-1 expression respectively. Protein exptessions were assessed by Western blotting as described in methods.(B) Possible molecular mechanism involved in LPS-induced PGE2 production in astrocytes. LPS activates the sPLA2-IIA, leading to increased levels of phospho-ERK1/2. The accumulation of phosphor-ERK1/2 levels modulates the downstream activates of cPLA2α, cPLA2α regulates COX-2 and mPGES-1 enzyme activations which lead to the production of PGE2. Black solid arrows represent the novelties of the present study. LPS, lipopolysaccharide;, secretory phospholipase A2-IIA; cPLA2α, cytosolic phospholipase A2α; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; mPGES-1, microsomal PGE synthase-1.