Table 2. Statistical relationships between dichotomous variables and the incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) in Nepalese pilgrims upon arrival to Gosainkunda (4380 m).
| Category | Subcategory | Sample size (n (%)) | X2 | Relative Risk | |||
| Total | AMS+ | Statistic | p-value | Statistic | 95% CI | ||
| Sex | Male | 344 (70.1) | 100 (29.1) | ||||
| Female | 147 (29.9) | 67 (45.5) | 12.5* | <0.001 | 1.57* | 1.23, 2.00 | |
| Age † | ≤35 years | 261 (53.5) | 63 (24.1) | ||||
| >35 years | 227 (46.5) | 104 (45.8) | 25.3* | <0.001 | 1.63* | 1.36, 1.95 | |
| Smoking | Yes | 147 (29.9) | 42 (25.1) | ||||
| No | 344 (70.1) | 125 (36.3) | 2.77 | 0.096 | 1.27 | 0.95, 1.70 | |
| Ascent ‡ | 2 days | 366 (80.3) | 113 (30.9) | ||||
| 1 day | 90 (19.7) | 38 (42.2) | 4.20* | 0.040 | 1.37* | 1.03, 1.82 | |
| First ascent to Gosainkunda? | No | 85 (17.3) | 23 (27.1) | ||||
| Yes | 406 (82.7) | 144 (35.5) | 2.21 | 0.137 | 1.31 | 0.90, 1.90 | |
†
The age indicator was missing 3 values due to incomplete data forms.
‡
The 3-day ascent group was removed from the analysis of ascent rate data (see text).
*
This result is statistically significant (i.e., p<0.05).