Table 4. Statistical relationships between the use of pharmaceutical and dietary prophylaxis and the incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) in Nepalese pilgrims upon arrival to Gosainkunda (4380 m).
| Prophylactic agent | Use | Sample size (n (%)) | X2 | Relative Risk | |||
| Total | AMS+ | Statistic | p-value | Statistic | 95% CI | ||
| Acetazolamide | No | 457 | 155 (33.9) | ||||
| Yes | 34 | 12 (35.3) | 0.027 | 0.87 | 1.04 | 0.65, 1.67 | |
| Paracetamol | No | 459 | 154 (33.6) | ||||
| Yes | 32 | 13 (40.6) | 0.67 | 0.41 | 1.21 | 0.78, 1.88 | |
| NSAID | No | 478 | 162 (33.9) | ||||
| Yes | 13 | 5 (38.5) | 0.12 | 0.73 | 1.14 | 0.56, 2.28 | |
| Garlic | No | 178 | 42 (23.6) | ||||
| Yes | 313 | 125 (39.9) | 13.50* | <0.001 | 1.69* | 1.26, 2.28 | |
| Ginger | No | 371 | 120 (32.3) | ||||
| Yes | 120 | 47 (39.2) | 1.88 | 0.17 | 1.21 | 0.93, 1.58 | |
| Lemon | No | 366 | 117 (31.5) | ||||
| Yes | 125 | 50 (40.0) | 2.68 | 0.10 | 1.25 | 0.96, 1.63 | |
| Mountain pepper | No | 448 | 147 (32.8) | ||||
| Yes | 43 | 20 (47.6) | 3.28 | 0.07 | 1.42* | 1.00, 2.1 | |
*
This result is statistically significant (i.e., p<0.05).