Table 3.
Partial correlations (controlling for non-verbal intelligence, verbal short-term memory and performance in solving addition and subtraction tasks) between arithmetic tasks separately for fifth and sixth grades, general (GS) and intermediate (IS) secondary schools and low-skilled and high-skilled students.
| Grade | School type | Performance group | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Task 1 | Task 2 | 5. | 6. | z | GS | IS | z | Low | High | z |
| Simple multiplication | Simple division | 0.62 | 0.71 | −1.59 | 0.62 | 0.74 | −2.04* | 0.32 | 0.64 | −4.12** |
| Simple multiplication | Complex division | 0.16 | 0.27 | −1.15 | 0.12 | 0.35 | −2.37** | −0.08 | 0.06 | −1.34 |
| Simple multiplication | Complex multiplication | 0.36 | 0.42 | −0.69 | 0.39 | 0.44 | −0.62 | 0.02 | 0.25 | −2.33** |
| Simple division | Complex division | 0.30 | 0.36 | −0.71 | 0.20 | 0.44 | −2.49** | 0.14 | 0.16 | −0.24 |
Partial correlations were compared using Fisher's r-to-z transformation.
GS: df = 146; IS: df = 236; 5. grade: df = 183; 6. Grade: df = 199; low-skilled: df = 191; high-skilled: df = 191;
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01(one-sided).