Table 1.
Summary of some physical signs and EMG parameters for the exercised arm. Data are means (±SE).
| DAY 1 PRE | DAY 1 POST | DAY 2 | DAY 3 | DAY 4 | DAY 5 | DAY 6 | DAY 7 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROM (deg) † | 156 (3) | 147 (4) * | 147 (4)* | 148 (4) | 149 (4)* | 151 (3) | 152 (3) * | 153 (3) |
| CIR (cm) † | 25.3 (.6) | 25.6 (.5) | 25.8 (.6)* | 25.9 (.6)* | 25.8 (.6)* | 26.1 (.5)* | 26.1 (.6) * | 25.9 (.6)* |
| SOR † | 1.0 (.0) | 1.7 (.3)* | 3.0 (.3)* | 3.4 (.5) * | 3.0 (.4)* | 2.4 (.4)* | 1.7 (.3) * | 1.5 (.2) |
| MDF IC50 slope (β1; Hz·s-1) | -.55 (.06) | -.62 (.08) | -.81 (.01) | -.57 (.08) | -.41 (.11) | -.42 (.08) | -.45 (.08) | -.59 (.04) |
| MDF IC80 slope (β1; Hz·s-1) | -.90 (.16) | -.54 (.09)* | -.89 (.10) | -.68 (.15) | -.65 (.11) | -.57 (.09) | -.69 (.10) | -.72 (.11) |
| RMS IC50 slope (β1) | 011 (.005) | .013 (.005) | .005 (.004)* | .002 (.003)* | -.003 (.004) | -.001 (.002)* | .004 (.002) | .002 (.002)* |
| RMS IC80 slope (β1) | .017 (.009) | .004 (.005) | .001 (.002) | .008 (.005) | .010 (.004) | .004 (.005) | -.001 (.006) | .005 (.004) |
Note: SOR refers to each subject’s perception of muscle soreness while arm was actively extended. ROM refers to active elbow range of motion. CIR refers to arm circumference at 8-cm above elbow. CIR at all anthropometrical landmarks (e.g. 4, 6, and 10-cm above elbow) followed a similar pattern, therefore, data was only presented from CIR at 8-cm. MDF refers to EMG median frequency. Derivation of regression intercept (β0) and slope (β1) are described in the text.
† indicates a significant interaction between main effects of arms × time (days);
* denotes significant (p<0.05) differences between day 1 pre-EE and other days.