Table 2.
Classification | Model | References |
---|---|---|
Electrical models | Perforant pathway stimulation | [28,41–43] |
Self-sustaining stimulation | [44–46] | |
| ||
Chemical models | Kainic acid | [25,31,47–52] |
Pilocarpine | [26,53–58] | |
Lithium-pilocarpine | [26,59,60] | |
Organophosphates | [37,61–63] | |
Flurothyl | [64–67] | |
Cobalt-homocysteine thiolactone | [68] | |
| ||
Thermal models | Hyperthermia or febrile seizures | [69–74] |
| ||
In vitro models | Low magnesium in brain slices | [75–77] |
High potassium in brain slices | [78–80] | |
4-Aminopyridine in brain slices | [81–84] | |
Organotypic slice cultures | [85–89] | |
| ||
Refractory models | Lithium-pilocarpine | [37,90,91] |
Kainic acid | [25,31,92–94] | |
DFP | [37,62,95,96] |