Table 1. Assessment of balance between the oxytocin and control groups achieved through the randomization process among enrolled women.
| Enrollment Indicators/Characteristics | Oxytocin | Control |
| Woman's age (years) (m, SD) | 27.5 (6.6) | 26.9 (6.8) |
| Woman's age group (n, %) | ||
| 15–19 | 75 (10.9) | 121 (13.5) |
| 20–29 | 351 (50.9) | 460 (51.3) |
| 30–39 | 228 (33.1) | 282 (31.4) |
| 40–49 | 35 (5.1) | 34 (3.8) |
| Woman's education (n, %) | ||
| None | 331 (48.0) | 418 (46.6) |
| Some primary school | 146 (21.2) | 203 (22.6) |
| Middle/Continuation | 195 (28.3) | 264 (29.4) |
| Technical/Secondary/University | 17 (2.5) | 12 (1.3) |
| Ethnic group (n, %) | ||
| Akan | 211 (30.6) | 309 (34.4) |
| Dagarti/Frafra/Kusasi | 146 (21.2) | 143 (15.9) |
| Gonja/Dagomba/Mamprusi | 99 (14.4) | 190 (21.2) |
| Konkomba/Basare | 84 (12.2) | 127 (14.2) |
| Mo | 52 (7.5) | 37 (4.1) |
| Other ethnicities* | 97 (14.1) | 91 (10.1) |
| Marital status (n, %) | ||
| Married | 446 (64.7) | 503 (56.1) |
| Living together | 168 (24.4) | 331 (36.9) |
| Divorced/Separated/Widowed | 14 (2.0) | 10 (1.1) |
| Single/Unmarried | 61 (8.9) | 53 (5.9) |
| Religion (n, %) | ||
| Catholic | 153 (22.2) | 164 (18.3) |
| Protestant | 159 (23.1) | 137 (15.3) |
| Pentecostal | 169 (24.5) | 263 (29.3) |
| Muslim | 165 (23.9) | 264 (29.4) |
| Traditional/Other | 43 (6.2) | 69 (7.7) |
| Parity (live and stillbirth) (n, %) | ||
| No prior births | 133 (19.3) | 181 (20.2) |
| 1 | 123 (17.9) | 194 (21.6) |
| 2 to 4 | 298 (43.3) | 354 (39.5) |
| 5 or more | 135 (19.6) | 168 (18.7) |
| Wealth score (0–10)** (m, SD) | 3.6 (2.0) | 3.8 (2.0) |
| Previous stillbirth (n, %) | ||
| No prior pregnancy | 115 (16.7) | 161 (17.9) |
| None | 549 (79.7) | 695 (77.5) |
| Yes | 25 (3.6) | 41 (4.6) |
| Previous early neonatal death (n, %) | ||
| No prior pregnancy | 115 (16.7) | 161 (17.9) |
| None | 546 (79.2) | 694 (77.4) |
| Yes | 28 (4.1) | 42 (4.7) |
| Prior delivery location (n, %) | ||
| No prior pregnancy | 115 (16.9) | 161 (18.2) |
| Hospital/Health center | 146 (21.5) | 174 (19.7) |
| Home/Other | 419 (61.6) | 550 (62.1) |
| Missing | 9 | 12 |
| Prior pregnancy antenatal care (ANC) (n, %) | ||
| No prior pregnancy | 115 (16.9) | 161 (18.2) |
| None | 26 (3.8) | 51 (5.8) |
| 1 or more ANC visits | 539 (79.3) | 674 (76.1) |
| Missing | 9 | 11 |
| Delivery indicators/characteristics | ||
| Singleton/Multiples (n, %) | ||
| Singleton | 669 (98.1) | 879 (98.8) |
| Twins | 13 (1.9) | 11 (1.2) |
| Missing | 7 | 7 |
| Reported size of baby *** | ||
| Smaller than normal | 13 (1.9) | 34 (3.9) |
| Normal | 526 (78.7) | 698 (79.4) |
| Larger than normal | 129 (19.3) | 147 (16.7) |
| Missing | 21 | 18 |
| Birth attendant | ||
| Traditional birth attendant | 647 (94.9) | 862 (97.0) |
| Family member | 27 (4.0) | 21 (2.4) |
| Study participant herself | 8 (1.2) | 2 (0.2) |
| Other | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.4) |
| Missing | 7 | 8 |
| Receipt of traditional preparation to speed labor (n, %) | ||
| Yes | 59 (8.7) | 75 (8.4) |
| No | 622 (91.3) | 817 (91.6) |
| Missing | 8 | 5 |
| Receipt of traditional preparation to stop postpartum bleeding (n, %) | ||
| Yes | 2 (0.3) | 3 (0.3) |
| No | 667 (99.7) | 866 (99.7) |
| Missing | 20 | 28 |
| Receipt of pharmaceutical drug (from any provider) to speed labor (n, %) | ||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| No | 680 (100.0) | 887 (100.0) |
| Missing | 9 | 10 |
| Receipt of pharmaceutical drug to stop bleeding postpartum (provided by someone other than the community health officer [CHO]) (n, %) | ||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.4) |
| No | 618 (100.0) | 781 (99.6) |
| Missing | 71 | 113 |
| Report of duration of labor, in hours (m, SD) | 3.9 (3.1) | 3.8 (4.1) |
*
Includes: Bimoba/Chokosi, Fulani, Ga/Adangbe/Ewe, Sisala/Wala, Zambraba, Banda/Pantra, and other (non-specified).
**
Score based on unweighted sum of 10 household assets (electricity, radio, cooker, refrigerator, television, sewing machine, cell phone, cement floor, cement walls, non-thatch roof).
***
Reported among singleton births only.