Table 5. Summary of studies on interventions in neurotoxic envenoming.

Intervention	Author; year; [reference]	Snake spp.	No. of pts	Method	Outcome
Antivenom	Agarwal et al.; 2005; [94]	mixed	55—needing ventilation	Low-dose vs. high-dose antivenom	No difference between high and low doses
Antivenom	Ha et al.; 2010; [175]	B. multicinctus	81	Non-randomized, controlled trial (historical control)	Antivenom effective—reduces duration of weakness, ventilation, and ICU stay
Antivenom vs. edrophonium	Watt et al.; 1989; [30]	N. philippensis	8	Randomized, double-blind trial	Antivenom not effective; Edrophonium effective
Antivenom; edrophonium	Phillips et al.; 1988; [69]	D. russelii	23	Descriptive case series	Antivenom not effective; Edrophonium not effective
Antivenom and neostigmine	Anil et al.; 2010; [27]	B. caeruleus	54	Descriptive case series	Antivenom not effective; Neostigmine not effective
Edrophonium	Watt et al.; 1986; [35]	N. philippensis	10	Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial	Edrophonium effective—with improvement in clinical and neurophysiological parameters
Edrophonium and 3,4-DAP	Trevett et al.; 1995; [46]	O. scutellatus	50	Placebo-controlled trial	No significant improvement with edrophonium or 3,4-DAP