Table 4. Pairwise comparisons of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in lesions and in healthy skin biopsy samples.
| Category | Samples, no. (%) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)a |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Lesions | Healthy skin | ||
| Benign (n = 92) | |||
| HPV | 24 (26.1) | 7 (7.6) | 17.2 (2.7–171) |
| HPV Beta-1 | 18 (19.6) | 4 (4.5) | 18.51 (3.10–∞) |
| HPV Beta-2 | 7 (7.6) | 4 (4.4) | 2.5 (0.41–26.25) |
| AK (n = 49) | |||
| HPV | 11 (22.5) | 7 (14.3) | 1.61 (0.40–7.59) |
| HPV Beta-1 | 7 (14.3) | 5 (10.2) | 1.16 (0.19–8.10) |
| HPV Beta-2 | 5 (10.2) | 1 (2.0) | 5.29 (0.66–∞) |
| BCC (n = 126) | |||
| HPV | 22 (17.5) | 14 (11.1) | 2.11 (0.85–5.75) |
| HPV Beta-1 | 13 (10.3) | 9 (7.1) | 2.0 (0.54–9.08) |
| HPV Beta-2 | 9 (7.1) | 6 (4.8) | 1.76 (0.50–6.97) |
| SCC (n = 82) | |||
| HPV | 21 (25.6) | 14 (17.1) | 1.32 (0.45–4.07) |
| HPV Beta-1 | 12 (14.6) | 9 (11.0) | 1.16 (0.38–3.67) |
| HPV Beta-2 | 13 (15.9) | 4 (4.9) | 5.84 (0.91–80.79) |
NOTE. AK, actinic keratosis; BCC, basal cell carcinoma; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma.
a
Adjusted for sun exposure at biopsy location. Because the lesion samples and healthy skin samples were taken from the same subjects, all other covariates are identical for the lesion samples and healthy skin samples and therefore are not included in the model.