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Infraphonological model of vocal development proposed by Oller (2000).
| Stage | Onset in Months | Protophone Mastered | Principle Mastered |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phonation | 0 – 2 | Quasivowels | Normal phonation |
| Primitive articulation | 1–4 | Gooing | Articulation |
| Expansion | 3 – 8 | Marginal babbling, full vowels, raspberries, squealing | Full resonance |
| Canonical | 5 – 10 | Canonical babbling | Rapid formant transition in CV syllables |
