Table 1.
SCAF Domain48 | Relevant RDoC Subdomains54 | Exemplar Brain Regions | Example Behaviors |
---|---|---|---|
1. Acquiring social-emotional values | Reward learning, habit learning, declarative memory, attachment formation | Amygdala, ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, medial temporal lobe | Fear conditioning, reward learning, explicit memory for social stimuli |
2. Recognition of stimuli with social-emotional value | Reception of facial communication, reception of nonfacial communication, animacy perception | Amygdala, striatum, insula, orbitofrontal cortex, fusiform face area, extrastriate body area, superior temporal sulcus/gyrus | Perception of nonverbal social cues, including faces and their parts, bodies, tone of voice and perception of biological motion |
3. Low-level mental state inference | Action identification | Parietal and prefrontal motor regions (ie, mirror neuron system) | Identify what action someone is performing |
4. High-level mental state inference | Understanding mental states, self-knowledge | Medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, temporal pole, temporal parietal junction | Tests of theory of mind, attributions about mental states or traits for self or other (including judgments of self- reference), judgments about why someone is performing an action |
5. Context-appropriate regulation | Any subdomain related to perceiving social cues or exhibiting an affective reaction plus the cognitive control domain and all its subdomains | Lateral, medial, and orbital prefrontal cortex | Cognitive reappraisal, extinction, reversal learning |
Note: RDoC, Research Domain Criteria; SCAF, Social Cognition and Functioning in Schizophrenia.