Table 2.
Unadjusted | Overall* | Within Hospitals† | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |
Mortality | ||||||
Injury severity | ||||||
All patients | 1.69 (1.39–2.04) | <.001 | 1.21 (1.08–1.36) | .002 | 1.05 (0.87–1.26) | .622 |
ISS <15 | 1.82 (1.23–2.70) | <.001 | 1.14 (0.88–1.47) | .325 | 0.95 (0.69–1.31) | .751 |
ISS ≥15 | 1.95 (1.70–2.22) | <.001 | 1.23 (1.10–1.37) | <.001 | 1.09 (0.92–1.28) | .340 |
Death or major complication | ||||||
Injury severity | ||||||
All patients | 1.46 (1.19–1.78) | <.001 | 1.28 (1.11–1.47) | <.001 | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | .872 |
ISS <15 | 1.43 (1.07–1.92) | .017 | 1.19 (0.96–1.46) | .111 | 0.92 (0.79–1.07) | .259 |
ISS ≥15 | 1.78 (1.52–2.08) | <.001 | 1.35 (1.21–1.51) | <.001 | 1.08 (0.97–1.20) | .168 |
Failure-to-rescue | ||||||
Injury severity | ||||||
All patients | 0.77 (0.63, 0.95) | .012 | 1.24 (1.09, 1.40) | .001 | 1.08 (0.93, 1.25) | .322 |
ISS <15 | 0.46 (0.31–0.68) | <.001 | 1.00 (0.71–1.41) | .990 | 0.90 (0.59–1.37) | .627 |
ISS ≥15 | 0.89 (0.73–1.07) | .209 | 1.32 (1.16–1.50) | <.001 | 1.12 (0.92–1.38) | .253 |
ISS, injury severity score; OR, odds ratio.
Indicates patient-level risk adjustment model (age, sex, transfer status, injury severity, mechanism of injury, motor component of Glasgow coma scale, systolic blood pressure, comorbidities, year of admission).
Indicates within-hospital risk adjustment model using hospital fixed-effects model (all patient risk factors above plus hospital fixed effects).