Table 3. Recommendations on course of therapy (E11, E15–18)^*1.

	Recommendation	GRADE
Start treatment	As soon as possible; in patients with septic shock, within 1 hour	1B
End treatment early	After 3 days if the probability of HAP is low	1B
De-escalation	48 to 72 hours after the start of treatment and after re-assessment of clinical parameters, microbiology, biomarkers, X-ray	1B
Duration of treatment	8 days (may be extended in the presence of special etiologies*2)	1A

^*1Source: (11)

^*2Invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection, invasive aspergillosis, individual decision in the presence of P.aeruginosa