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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Psychosom Res. 2013 Aug 5;75(4):327–335. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.07.009

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Mental (MDI) and Psychomotor (PDI) development in male and female infants at 3, 6 and 12 months who were exposed to maternal depression during pregnancy and at 3 months postpartum. Female infants exposed to congruent prenatal and postnatal maternal depression (NoDep/NoDep and Dep/Dep) have superior mental and psychomotor development compared with infants exposed to discordant maternal depression (NoDep/Dep ande Dep/NoDep) at six months of age. By 12 months of age, both male and female infants exposed to congruent maternal depressive symptoms have superior MDI. *(p<0.05; comparison is between groups, within sex. Error bars are sem.