Table 1.
Participant characteristics of the study sample (N = 169)
| Variable | Total sample (n = 169) | Low positive affect (n = 85) | High positive affect (n = 84) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||
| Maternal age a | 28.6 ± 5.6 yrs | 27.2 ± 5.3 yrs | 30.0 ± 5.5 yrs* |
| Race/ethnicity b | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 70 (41.4%) | 35 (41.2%) | 35 (41.7%) |
| Hispanic White | 58 (34.3%) | 33 (38.8%) | 25 (29.8%) |
| Other | 41 (24.3%) | 17 (20.0%) | 24 (28.5%) |
| Annual family income b | |||
| Under $20,000 | 28 (16.6%) | 17 (22.1%) | 11 (13.8%)* |
| Between $20,000 and $50,000 | 43 (25.5%) | 29 (37.6%) | 14 (17.5%)* |
| Between $50,000 and $80,000 | 35 (20.7%) | 16 (20.8%) | 19 (23.7%)* |
| Over $80,000 | 51 (30.2%) | 15 (19.5%) | 36 (45.0%)* |
| Marital status b | |||
| Separated/divorced from or not living with baby’s father | 15 (8.9%) | 13 (17.1%) | 2 (2.5%)* |
| Pregnancy-related characteristics | |||
| Obstetric risk b | 48 (28.4%) | 27 (31.8%) | 21 (25.0%) |
| Parity b (≥1) | 93 (55.0%) | 46 (54.1%) | 47 (56.0%) |
Note. A median split was performed to create high and low positive affect groups
a
values represent mean ± SD;
b
values represent frequency N (% of total sample or group)
*
difference between high and low positive affect group significant at p < .05