Table 4. Multivariable Models with Peripheral and LA Blood Levels of sICAM-1 as the Dependent Variable.

	Study population				PAF group				PeAF group
	Peripheral		LA		Peripheral		LA		Peripheral		LA
	sICAM-1		sICAM-1		sICAM-1		sICAM-1		sICAM-1		sICAM-1
	Exp β	P value	Exp β	P value	Exp β	P value	Exp β	P value	Exp β	P value	Exp β	P value
EATtotal /10 cm3	1.010	0.34	1.008	0.47	0.999	0.97	1.003	0.88	1.018	0.09	1.013	0.24
EATatrial /10 cm3	1.016	0.48	1.016	0.49	0.983	0.72	0.994	0.91	1.038	0.07	1.032	0.13
EATventricular /10 cm3	1.019	0.32	1.012	0.52	1.008	0.84	1.012	0.75	1.026	0.18	1.014	0.50
LA-ESO /mm	1.052	0.04	1.042	0.10	1.114	0.05	1.103	0.09	1.036	0.11	1.026	0.27
LA-ThA /mm	1.052	0.01	1.042	0.04	1.083	0.02	1.080	0.02	1.030	0.23	1.012	0.64
LA-PA /mm	0.993	0.64	0.978	0.14	0.964	0.13	0.950	0.04	1.029	0.10	1.012	0.51
IAS /mm	0.999	0.95	0.999	0.98	0.993	0.80	0.999	0.97	1.011	0.65	1.000	0.98
RAVG /mm	1.003	0.80	1.004	0.74	0.988	0.53	0.992	0.69	1.015	0.31	1.013	0.39
LAVG /mm	1.018	0.23	1.021	0.17	1.012	0.64	1.027	0.32	1.022	0.17	1.015	0.37
AIVG /mm	1.030	0.18	1.027	0.23	1.034	0.31	1.029	0.39	1.044	0.17	1.042	0.20

Models were adjusted for BMI and LA volume. As the dependent variable was log-transformed, the β coefficients were exponentially transformed. Exponential transformation of β coefficients (Exp β) implies an interpretation on a multiplicative scale. The level of sICAM1 changes by 100*(Exp β-1) % for a one unit increase in each EAT variable.

Abbreviations: AIVG, anterior interventricular groove; EAT, epicardial adipose tissue; EATatrial, atrial EAT; EATventricular, ventricular EAT; IAS, interatrial septum; LA-ESO, periatrial epicardial fat located between the mid left atrium and esophagus; LA-PA, periatrial epicardial fat located between mid left atrium and pulmonary artery; LA-ThA, periatrial epicardial fat located between the mid left atrium and thoracic aorta; LAVG, left atrioventricular groove; PAF, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; PeAF, persistent AF; RAVG, right atrioventricular groove.