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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2013 Jan;72(1):67–75. doi: 10.1097/NEN.0b013e31827c99d2

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Brain histology. Regions that appear whiter on gross examination of the brain sections are shown in panels A–D. (A) Insula, cortical grey matter (CORTEX) and white matter (WM) have a reverse staining density pattern on Luxol fast-blue/periodic acid Schiff (LFB-PAS) stain. In a normal subject, the cortex is light blue and the WM is darker blue. A WM tract from a portion of the optic radiations has a marked reduction of myelin (arrows). Subcortical WM of the insular cortex has irregular patches of relative myelin preservation and paler regions of severe myelin loss (LFB-PAS). WM of centrum semiovale with severe myelin loss as demonstrated by staining with LFB-PAS (C). Myelin focally shows relatively better preservation in some perivascular areas. In a section adjacent to C, centrum semiovale WM shows marked axonal loss with focal perivascular preservation in a Bielschowsky preparation (D). (E) Staining of the cerebellar dentate nucleus and surrounding cerebellar deep white matter with LFB-PAS demonstrates am appropriate darker blue of the white matter and lighter blue of the dentate nucleus (DENTATE). There are large irregular regions of pallor and marked loss of myelin to the left of the dentate nucleus region. (F) In a Bielschowsky preparation on an adjacent section to E, the region immediately surrounding the dentate has relatively well preserved axons as well of the cerebellar dentate nucleus and surrounding cerebellar deep white matter. (G) The white matter of the cerebellar folia stained with LFB-PAS has a marked loss of myelin. In comparison, cerebellar cortical molecular (MOL), granular (GRAN) and Purkinje (arrowhead) cell layers are relatively well preserved. Atrophy of the cerebellar folia is mostly due to loss of WM myelin and axons. H: WM of the cerebellar folia with Bielschowsky preparation has a marked loss of axons. In comparison, cerebellar molecular (MOL), granular (GRAN) and Purkinje (arrowhead) cell layers are relatively well preserved. Atrophy of the cerebellar folia is mostly due to loss of myelin and axons of the white matter. Original magnification: A, B, 100x; C–H, 25x.