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. 2013 Oct 11;7:164. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2013.00164

Figure 5.

Figure 5

iCC projection-specific participation of Ctip2-positive CPn cells. (A) Ctip2 expression in OFC upper L5 cells projecting to M2 and in M2 L5a cells projecting to OFC. Upper graph, the proportion of Ctip2-positive cells was higher among OFC cells projecting to M2 than M2 cells projecting in the opposite direction (P < 0.01, chi-square test). OFC cells projecting to M2 similarly contained Ctip2-positive and Ctip2-negative cells (P = 0.29, one-sample t-test), but M2 cells projecting to OFC contain more Ctip2-negative cells than Ctip2-positive cells (P < 0.05). Lower photograph, M2 cells projecting to OFC (left, labeled by CTB555), which contain cells positive for Ctip2 (arrowheads in left and right) and negative for Ctip2 (arrows in left, asterisks in right). (B) Ctip2 expression in M2 L5a cells projecting to M1 and in M1 L5a cells projecting to M2. Upper graph, the proportion of Ctip2-positive cells was higher among M2 cells projecting to M1 than M1 cells projecting in the opposite direction (P < 0.01, chi-square test). M2 cells projecting to M1 similarly contained Ctip2-positive and Ctip2-negative cells (P = 0.68, one-sample t-test), but M1 cells projecting to M2 contain more Ctip2-negative cells than Ctip2-positive cells (P < 0.01). Data taken from Ueta et al. (2013). Lower photograph, M2 cells projecting to M1, which contain cells positive for Ctip2 (arrowheads) and negative for Ctip2 (arrows in left, asterisks in right). (C) Ctip2 expression in M2 L5a cells projecting to PRC and to PPC. Upper graph, the proportion of Ctip2-positive cells among M2 L5a cells projecting to distant non-frontal areas. M2 L5a cells projecting to PRC and PPC both contain more Ctip2-negative cells than Ctip2-positive cells (P < 0.01, respectively, one-sample t-test), and demonstrate lower proportion of Ctip2-positive cells than M2 L5a cells projecting to frontal areas (OFC and M1; P < 0.01, chi-square test). Lower photograph, M2 cells projecting to PPC negative for Ctip2 (arrows in left, asterisks in right). (D) Proportion of firing subtypes among L5 COM cell subtypes in M2, identified by retrograde labeling. COM cells consist of all three firing types (53.1, 32, and 14.8% for FA, SA, and SA-d types; n = 431). CCS cells, a type of COM cell, consist mostly of FA-type cells, but contain no SA-d-type cells (88.2, 11.8, and 0% for FA, SA, and SA-d types; n = 34). Similar to the entire COM cell population, COM cells projecting to M1 consist of all three firing types (51.3, 30.8, and 17.9%, for FA, SA, and SA-d types; n = 39). By contrast, COM cells projecting to PPC (93.5, 6.5, and 0% for FA, SA, and SA-d types; n = 31) or to PRC (81.3, 18.8, and 0% for FA, SA, and SA-d types; n = 32), like CCS cells, consist mostly of FA-type cells and contain no SA-d-type cells. Data, except for COM cells projecting to PRC, are taken from Otsuka and Kawaguchi (2008, 2011) and Ueta et al. (2013).

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