Table 3. Association between being born preterm (<37 weeks) and school performance.

Measure	Unadjusted	Adjusted for social factors*	Adjusted for social factorsand antenatal factors* †	Fully adjusted* † ‡
Matched for DOB
Low KS1 score (n = 7301)	1.73 (1.45–2.06)	1.72 (1.42–2.08)	1.59 (1.26–1.99)	1.57 (1.25–1.97)
Special Educational Needs (n = 3970)	1.79 (1.41–2.27)	1.72 (1.35–2.20)	1.67 (1.28–2.18)	1.57 (1.19–2.07)
Matched for EDD
Low KS1 score (n = 7338)	1.79 (1.50–2.14)	1.80 (1.48–2.19)	1.61 (1.27–2.04)	1.53 (1.21–1.94)
Special Educational Needs (n = 4041)	1.80 (1.41–2.31)	1.71 (1.31–2.22)	1.64 (1.24–2.18)	1.59 (1.20–2.11)
Matched for EDD and same year of schooling
Low KS1 score (n = 6158)	1.43 (1.17–1.73)	1.40 (1.12–1.74)	1.31 (1.03–1.66)	1.25 (0.98–1.60)
Special Educational Needs (n = 3339)	1.41 (1.08–1.85)	1.33 (1.00–1.77)	1.20 (0.87–1.66)	1.13 (0.81–1.56)

^*Adjusted for ethnicity, housing, crowding, and maternal education, socio-economic group, car ownership and age.

†Further adjusted for gender, parity, weight, length and head circumference at birth.

‡Further adjusted for mode of delivery, maternal hypertension and pyrexia.

Measures are OR (95% CI) for preterm infants vs. term infants.