Table 3.

The effect of pH control on process performance of batch cultivation with C. utilis UNA1 using 5-times diluted barley shochu wastewater

	pH uncontrolled	pH controlled
OD660 (−)	20.1 ± 0.2	18.4 ± 0.1
pH (−)	7.58 ± 0.53	5.00 ± 0.05
DOC removal amount (mg/l)	5337 ± 4	6597 ± 49
DOC removal ratio (%)	61.1 ± 0.0	75.5a ± 0.6
DTN removal amount (mg/l)	596.5 ± 2.9	563.0 ± 3.5
DTN removal ratio (%)	44.2 ± 0.2	41.4 ± 0.3
DTP removal amount (mg/l)	137.9 ± 1.3	142.9 ± 0.9
DTP removal ratio (%)	75.1 ± 0.7	75.8 ± 0.5

Data are means ± standard deviation of three independent experiments.

^aSignificantly different from pH uncontrolled (p < 0.05) by t-test.