Table 3.
Effect of different drugs in different cancer cell lines on GADD45 expression.
| Drug | Cancer cell type | Effect in GADD45 expression |
|---|---|---|
| Adenovirus TK/GCV | Human pancreatic adenocarcinoma | GADD45 and apoptosis induction [184] |
| Adenovirus GADD45α + Etoposide, Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil | Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | Increases sensitivity to chemotherapy [185] |
| Arsenic chloride | Human bronchial epithelial cell line | GADD45 mRNA stabilization through nucleolin [140] |
| Promotes GADD45 mRNA translation through an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) [141] | ||
| CD437 (6-[3-adamantyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-naphthalene) | Human fibrosarcoma, lung, mammary, bladder and colorectal carcinomas | GADD45 mRNA stabilization [139] |
| Breast cancer | Increased GADD45 expression [11] | |
| Curcumin | Human lung cancer cell line | Increased GADD45α expression, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis [188] |
| Fucoxanthin | Human hepatocarcinoma cell line | GADD45α and β activation, cancer cell growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest [186, 187] |
| Human prostate cancer cell line | GADD45α up-regulation and G1 cell cycle arrest [186, 187] | |
| Genistein | Human prostate cancer cell line | GADD45α induction and G2/M cell cycle arrest [50] |
| NSAIDs (Ibuprofen) | Human gastric cancer cells | GADD45α and G1 blockage [194] |
| NSAIDs (Sulindac and Indomethacin) | GADD45-/- B6129F1 mice or matching w/t mice. Human gastric carcinoma epithelial cell line | Up-regulation of GADD45α and apoptosis [167] |
| NSAIDs (Sulindac sulfide, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Sulindac sulfone, Acetaminophen, Naproxen, NS-398, Celecoxib, Diclofenac, Finasteride, Flufenamic acid, Meloxicam, Ebselen, and Flurbiprofen) | Human prostate, renal, breast and stomach cancer cell lines | GADD45α and GADD45γ induction mediated by MDA-7/IL-24 [12] |
| Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin | Human osteosarcoma multidrug resistant cell line | Multidrug resistant cell line present defects in GADD45 expression and low levels of apoptosis mediated by the drugs [191] |
| Peptidylarginine deaminase 4 and histone deacetylase inhibitors | Human osteosarcoma cell line | GADD45α induction and cancer cell growth inhibition [148] |
| Trichostatin A | Human osteosarcoma cell line | GADD45α induction and G2/M cell cycle arrest [50] |
| Zinc | Human bronchial epithelial cell lines | GADD45α induction and G2/M cell cycle arrest [46, 47] |
| (-)-Xanthatin | FTI resistant breast cancer cell line | GADD45γ induction and reduced proliferation and induction of apoptosis [150] |