Table I. Baseline Characteristics vs. Day 4 of Energy Deprivation.
Fed State | Fasting + Placebo | Fasting + Leptin | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day 1 | Day 4 | Day 1 | Day 4 | Day 1 | Day 4 | p trt | p time | p trt*time | |
Body weight (kg) | 57.1 ± 6.5 | 57.9 ± 6.4 | 56.9 ± 7.5 | 55.4 ± 6.9 | 56.5 ± 6.4 | 54.4 ± 5.8* | 0.002 (0.001) | 0.033 (0.033) | 0.033 (0.048) |
BMI (kg/m^2) | 21.8 ± 2.1 | 22.2 ± 2.1 | 21.9 ± 2.7 | 21.4 ± 2.6 | 21.7 ± 2.7 | 20.9 ± 2.6* | 0.001 (0.013) | 0.021 (0.021) | 0.019 (0.031) |
Insulin (µIU/ml) | 5.7 ± 1.8 | 8.1 ± 2.8 | 6.1 ± 2.0 | 1.2 ± 0.6* | 6.9 ± 3.3 | 1.2 ± 0.9* | <0.001 (<0.001) | <0.001 (<0.001) | <0.001 (<0.001) |
Leptin (ng/ml) | 11.2 ± 4.5 | 16.7 ± 3.3 | 14.7 ± 6.3 | 2.8 ± 0.8* | 12.5 ± 4.6 | 29.6 ± 5.4* | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.282 (0.282) | <0.001 (<0.001) |
sTNFRII (pg/ml) | 1753.75 ± 170 | 1706.5 ± 257 | 1775.9 ± 339 | 1810.8 ± 230 | 1596.6 ± 178 | 1865.9 ± 158 | 0.726 (0.726) | 0.644 (0.644) | 0.651 (0.651) |
Chemerin (ng/ml) | 164.6 ± 37.2 | 155.0 ± 42.4 | 161.1 ± 34.0 | 56.9 ± 26.6* | 151.0 ± 34.5 | 50.9 ± 8.6* | <0.001 (0.003) | <0.001 (<0.001) | 0.006 (0.027) |
Values are means +/− SD. Means with * indicate significant difference between day 1 and day 4 within a state. P trt demonstrates significance of intervention (fed, fasting, leptin); p time demonstrates significance of time between days; p trt*time demonstrates significance of intervention and time interaction.