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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 19.
Published in final edited form as: Vaccine. 2012 Aug 31;30(47):6700–6705. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.045

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Four types of vaccine effectiveness (VEI, VEIIA, VEIIB, and VEIII) predicted for measles by using a mathematical model (Eqs. 1–8). We parameterized our model based on measles epidemiology and its vaccine: α =0.95, τ1 = τ2 = 7 (days), β=2.143, and R0=15 [26–28]. The vaccine coverage (f) and the reduction in infectivity among the vaccine breakthrough cases (σ) compared to unvaccinated infections were varied. In general, the resulting vaccine effectiveness are lower than the reduction in individual infection risk by vaccination, α. Such discrepancy was highlighted with lower vaccine coverage or with lower vaccine efficacy in reducing infectivity among vaccinated individuals when vaccine breakthrough occurs.