TABLE 2.
Effects of dietary α-tocopherol and calcium carbonate on colon carcinogenesis biomarkers (MDF and ACF) and on fecal and urinary biomarkers associated with meat-induced promotion in rats previously injected with dimethylhydrazine and fed cured meat (DCNO) for 98–99 d1
| Diet2 | Rats | MDF/colon | Crypt /MDF | ACF/colon | Heme in FW | TBARS in FW | FW cytotoxicity on CMT93 | ATNC in feces | DHN-MA in urine |
| n | μmol/L | μmol/L MDA.eq | % of dead cells | μmol/g | μg/24 h | ||||
| DCNO | 16 | 2.7 ± 2.13 | 3.7 ± 1.3 | 126 ± 20 | 32 ± 16 | 70 ± 8 | 57 ± 7 | 53.5 ± 14.8 | 1.3 ± 0.6 |
| DCNO + α-tocopherol | 10 | 1.4 ± 1.54 | 2.4 ± 2.1 | 125 ± 15 | 6 ± 84 | 64 ± 10 | 51 ± 10 | 25.6 ± 2.74 | 0.5 ± 0.24 |
| DCNO + CaCO3 | 10 | 1.3 ± 1.64 | 2.5 ± 1.4 | 124 ± 24 | <1.5 | 23 ± 114 | 24 ± 174 | 40.6 ± 54 | 0.2 ± 0.14 |
ACF, aberrant crypt foci; ATNC, apparent total N-nitroso compound; DCNO, dark cooked meat treated with nitrite and oxidized by air; DHN-MA, 1,4-dihydroxynonane mercapturic acid; FW, fecal water; MDA.eq, malondialdehyde equivalent; MDF, mucin-depleted foci; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.
Diet contained 47% DCNO. Tocopherol (0.05%) was added into DCNO (DCNO + α-tocopherol), and calcium carbonate (150 μmol/g) was added to the diet (DCNO + CaCO3). Detailed compositions are shown in Subjects and Methods.
Mean ± SD (all such values).
Significantly different from DCNO, P < 0.05 (Dunnett's test).