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. 2013 Aug 27;2(10):1084–1090. doi: 10.1242/bio.20135033

Fig. 5. Effects of ATF4 or CHOP siRNA on autophagy activation in HepG2 cells treated with ER-stress inducers.

Fig. 5.

siRNA transfections with a non-targeting siRNA (negative control siRNA) or ATF4 or CHOP siRNA were performed, as described in the legend of Fig. 4. Densitometric analysis of autophagy activity in HepG2 cells exposed to ER-stress inducer treatments was conducted with MDC. The activity was determined with fluorescence intensity of MDC incorporated into the treated cells. Upper row photographs of upper panel show fluorescence microphotographs of the cells cultured with negative control siRNA in the presence of each ER-stress inducer. Middle row photographs show cells exposed to ATF4 siRNA. Lowest row photographs are cells exposed to CHPO siRNA. Data are mean ± SD of three individual experiments. #P<0.05, versus the value of each control. Scale bar: 50 µm.