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. 2012 May 5;22(3):222–229. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20110083

Table 1. Characteristics of study population by functional disability (Hisayama Study, 2005).

  All subjects
(n = 1550)
Subjects without
disability
(n = 1239)
Subjects with
disability
(n = 311)
P-valuea
Age, mean ± SD 75.8 ± 7.3 74.2 ± 6.3 82.1 ± 7.7 <0.001
Women, % 61.1 58.2 72.7 <0.001
Current working status, %       <0.001
 Unemployed/retired/housewife 73.1 68.9 90.4  
 Working 26.9 31.1 9.6  
Marital status, %       <0.001
 Never married 2.5 2.2 3.5  
 Married 63.4 68.6 42.8  
 Divorced/widowed/separated 34.1 29.2 53.7  
Living arrangement, %       0.04
 Living alone 10.9 10.1 14.2  
 Living with others 89.1 89.9 85.8  
Place of residence, %       <0.001
 Home 91.6 99.3 60.5  
 Hospital 5.2 0.6 23.8  
 Health care facility 3.2 0.1 15.7  
ADL disability level, %        
 Slight dependence 5.0 25.4  
 Moderate/severe dependence 10.0 49.8  
 Total dependence 5.1 24.8  

aP value, comparison between subjects with and without disability.